Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

a Land like no other

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The Historical and Administrative Capital of Sri Lanka

Nestled just a few kilometers from Colombo, the bustling commercial hub of Sri Lanka, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte serves as the country’s official administrative capital. While often overshadowed by Colombo, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte offers a unique blend of rich historical heritage, serene natural beauty, and modern-day governance, making it an essential destination for tourists who wish to experience Sri Lanka’s deeper cultural and political layers.

This charming city, home to the Sri Lankan Parliament, is surrounded by lush wetlands, picturesque lakes, and well-preserved colonial and pre-colonial landmarks. For travelers interested in both history and modernity, Kotte (as it’s commonly known) provides a fascinating contrast to the hectic streets of Colombo while still being closely connected to it.


Location and Accessibility

Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is located approximately 10 kilometers southeast of Colombo, making it easily accessible for visitors based in the larger city.

Distance from Key Locations:

  • From Colombo City Center: The administrative capital is about 10 kilometers from the center of Colombo, a journey that takes approximately 20-30 minutes by car, depending on traffic.
  • From Bandaranaike International Airport: Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is approximately 37 kilometers from Bandaranaike International Airport, with a drive time of about 45 minutes to 1 hour.
  • From Kandy: The historic city of Kandy, located in the central highlands, is about 115 kilometers from Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, a drive of about 2.5 to 3 hours.

Geographical and Climate Details:

Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is situated at an elevation of 20 meters (66 feet) above sea level and is surrounded by wetlands, which contribute to its lush greenery and cooler, fresher air compared to the more urbanized Colombo. The Diyawanna Oya (a tributary of the Kelani River) flows through the city, forming a beautiful lake that plays a central role in its landscape and offers recreational opportunities for locals and visitors alike.

The city enjoys a tropical monsoon climate with average temperatures ranging from 25°C to 31°C throughout the year. The dry season, from November to April, is the best time to visit, offering clear skies and warm, sunny weather.


A Brief History of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, commonly referred to as Kotte, has a long and storied history dating back to the 14th century. It was originally established as the capital of the Kingdom of Kotte by King Nissanka Alagakkonara, a local ruler who fortified the city with impressive ramparts and moats. The kingdom flourished during the 15th century under the reign of King Parakramabahu VI, during which time it became a center for art, culture, and learning.

However, Kotte’s prominence began to decline in the late 16th century due to Portuguese invasions. The Portuguese, who arrived in Sri Lanka in 1505, gradually took control of the kingdom, leading to the city’s eventual abandonment.

In modern times, Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte regained significance when it was designated the administrative capital of Sri Lanka in 1977, housing the Sri Lankan Parliament and various government offices. Despite its modern role, the city has managed to preserve its historical charm, with remnants of the ancient kingdom still visible in some parts of the city.


Attractions and Ground-Level Experiences in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

While Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is primarily known as the seat of Sri Lanka’s government, the city offers a variety of attractions and activities for visitors. From its serene wetlands and historical landmarks to modern architectural marvels, Kotte is a destination where you can experience both the old and the new.

1. The Parliament of Sri Lanka

One of the most prominent landmarks in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte is the Parliament of Sri Lanka, located on an island in the middle of the Diyawanna Oya lake. The Parliament Complex, designed by the renowned Sri Lankan architect Geoffrey Bawa, is an architectural masterpiece that blends seamlessly with its natural surroundings.

Visitors cannot enter the Parliament without prior permission, but you can take a boat ride around the lake or admire the building from various vantage points around the Diyawanna Oya. The surrounding area is beautifully landscaped, with walking paths and green spaces that are perfect for a peaceful stroll or an afternoon picnic.

2. Diyatha Uyana

Located along the banks of the Diyawanna Oya, Diyatha Uyana is a popular recreational park that offers stunning views of the Parliament Complex and the surrounding wetlands. This park is a favorite among locals for its well-maintained walking and cycling paths, open-air markets, and children’s play areas. On Sundays, the Good Market sets up here, featuring organic produce, handmade crafts, and local delicacies.

Visitors can also enjoy boating on the lake or simply relax by the water, taking in the tranquil atmosphere. Diyatha Uyana is especially beautiful in the evening when the lights around the park and the Parliament Complex reflect off the water, creating a magical ambiance.

3. Kotte Museum

For those interested in the history of the ancient Kingdom of Kotte, the Kotte Museum offers a fascinating glimpse into the past. The museum, located in a historic building, showcases a collection of artifacts, relics, and exhibits related to the kingdom’s history, culture, and architecture.

Though small, the museum is a great stop for history buffs who want to learn more about the rise and fall of Kotte as a major political and cultural center in medieval Sri Lanka. You’ll also find artifacts related to the Portuguese colonial period, which played a significant role in the city’s history.

4. Beddagana Wetland Park

The Beddagana Wetland Park is a beautiful sanctuary that showcases the natural beauty of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte. The park is part of the larger Kotte Wetlands, which play a critical role in maintaining the city’s ecological balance. The wetland is home to a variety of bird species, making it a haven for birdwatchers and nature lovers.

Visitors can walk along the elevated boardwalks that wind through the wetlands, offering views of mangroves, marshes, and open water. The park also features observation decks where you can spot birds and other wildlife, such as water monitors and butterflies. The peaceful environment of Beddagana Wetland Park provides a perfect escape from the hustle and bustle of the city.

5. Sri Lankan Parliament Lake Cruise

A boat ride on the Diyawanna Oya lake offers a unique perspective of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte. Several operators offer boat tours that circle the island where the Parliament Complex is located, providing close-up views of the iconic building and its stunning architecture.

The cruise also takes visitors through the lush wetlands surrounding the city, allowing for excellent birdwatching and photography opportunities. The gentle ride on the calm waters of the lake is a relaxing way to explore the city’s natural beauty and architecture.


Popular Itineraries and What to Do in Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Whether you have a few hours or a full day to explore Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, there are several ways to experience the best that the city has to offer. Here are a few suggested itineraries based on the time you have available.

1. Half-Day History and Nature Tour

  • Morning: Start your visit with a tour of the Kotte Museum, where you’ll learn about the city’s rich history as the capital of the Kingdom of Kotte.
  • Mid-Morning: Head over to Diyatha Uyana for a relaxing walk around the park and the Diyawanna Oya lake. You can grab a coffee at one of the nearby cafes while enjoying the view of the Parliament Complex.
  • Lunch: Have lunch at a local restaurant near Diyatha Uyana or by the lake, where you’ll find a range of traditional Sri Lankan and international cuisine.
  • Afternoon: End your tour with a visit to Beddagana Wetland Park for a peaceful walk through the wetlands, where you can observe birds and other wildlife.

2. Full-Day Exploration of Kotte’s Cultural and Natural Heritage

  • Morning: Start your day with a visit to the Parliament Complex, where you can take a boat ride around the Diyawanna Oya to admire Geoffrey Bawa’s architectural masterpiece.
  • Mid-Morning: After the boat ride, explore Diyatha Uyana and enjoy a light snack or coffee by the lake. If you visit on a Sunday, be sure to check out the Good Market for locally made crafts and organic products.
  • Lunch: Enjoy a traditional Sri Lankan meal at one of the many restaurants near the Parliament Lake or the Old Kotte Road.
  • Afternoon: Head to Beddagana Wetland Park for a relaxing afternoon immersed in nature. Walk along the elevated boardwalks and observe the rich biodiversity of the area. You can also visit the Kotte Museum afterward to dive deeper into the city’s history.

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